Thursday, October 10, 2013

Indigenous Civilization and their Movement




In Chapter 10, Neoliberalism, of the book "Born in Blood and Fire: A Concise History of Latin America,” John Charles Chasteen; discusses the revolution of Zapatistas and how Latin American influences are growing in the United States. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), was meant to boost up the economy, but it didn’t necessarily help each class. NAFTA benefitted mostly the middle and upper class. The poor were not included and suffered greatly; Zapatistas were basically the “anti-poverty” rebels. As soon as NAFTA was put into effect, they protested the new trade arrangements. Zapatistas consisted of indigenous people that originated from Southern Mexico. This rebellious group could not do anything against the Institutional Revolutionary Party (Mexican political party), but the movement made a sensational hit on YouTube. Supporters were moved by them and went to Chiapas Mexico to help; the military became suspicious that foreigners were supporters of the Zapatistas and expanded their army.

The Zapatistas were responsible for various indigenous movements that were making claims all over Latin America. Their first meetings and declarations took place on the five-hundredth anniversary of Columbus’s first voyage. Although many Americans now celebrate Columbus Day as a holiday, indigenous people didn’t. They instead mourned the lives of those who were killed and captured. Never forgetting how their precious jewels were stolen, homes were invaded and how their land was conquered. Columbus subdued their beliefs, environment, and sacred symbols and books. Therefore, indigenous leaders fought and demanded land to farm and be able to have a rational portion of government benefits. Although the materialistic things that they were requesting seemed like enough for them to be rewarded, it would never outweigh the things that were stripped from them. The material things would never amount to the importance of their culture, their need for acceptance of their beliefs, language, and life-style.

Until this day indigenous people still feel like there life-style was taken away. The Native American Movement was established in order to maintain the Native American culture alive and protected. This movement open the door and allowed many opportunities such as the right to have federal protection in reference to cultural integrity, preserving their language, and religious beliefs. As well as the right to regain health, education, housing, and economic development for all Native Americans. This protection also included racism. Some examples of such injustices include but are not limited to schools using a Native American figure as a “mascot.” Native Americans now have federal protection and special accommodations in society, but in reality they have been segregated. Their culture is alive within their own reservations, but not within society of the general population. Perhaps they have gotten what they asked for, but is it really what they wanted? To be segregated from society and not share their culture or not be able to procreate? In school, students are not taught the facts behind the arrival of Columbus to America. Instead we are taught to view Columbus as a hero when in reality we are celebrating how Columbus arrived and displaced an entire populations of human being with a rich culture. He conquered their land and their sense of being. Everything we are asked to learn about the creation of America is masked and gives the impression that Native Americans were accepting to the new culture that was being imposed on them.

Many Latin American Countries refused to integrate indigenous and African origins into their culture. Although the United States were on the same page with resisting to accept such changes, Latin America was the one making the most progress. African dances and religious beliefs were being introduced to the various Latin American cultures. Although Catholicism was the main religion, these new religions soon expanded through various places. Immigrants were everywhere and had begun to move up north into the United States. Immigrants are now the majority in the United States, but Latinos (primarily Mexicans), make up most of the minority group. Dominicans and Puerto Ricans extended to New York, while Cubans immigrated to Florida. Latinos are becoming the majority; creating a change of culture.

The second language is becoming Spanish; it has been taking over the media by TV programs and “novelas” that come from Mexican and Columbian origins. Produce markets are now selling “tortillas” and other Latin American products that most non-Latino cultures had never heard of. Now they have restaurants that sell traditional Latino dishes such as tacos, arroz con gandules, popusas, tortas, gorditas, etc. that are being accepted by the majority of Americans (Non-Latinos).  Americans have also began to embrace Latino traditions such as the Latino Heritage month and have even Americanized events such as Cinco de Mayo (event that not even Mexicans celebrate). Latino music has changed the clubs and radio stations as they have learned to integrate traditional Latino music such as salsa, bachata, and merengue. At first, not much of this was accepted, but slowly many different cultures have been taking a part of society and America is becoming diverse. The fact that Latinos are becoming the majority group in the United States will cause some conflict and shock to the general population. This shock will generate greater threats that will affect the Latino community but primarily the immigrant community. It is a common mistake for non-Latino Americans to believe that the only immigrants that exist are Latinos (primarily Mexican) forgetting that this country was built on the foundation of immigrants making Native Americans the original and only natives.
http://www.transformcolumbusday.org/
http://www.aimovement.org/ggc/history.html
http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/fast-growth-latino-population-blurs-traditional-u-s-racial-lines-article-1.1291138

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